Dispersal-induced pattern formation is important both from fundamental and application points of view. Spatial patterns in an ecological system can strongly depend on exogenous factors like arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of the habitat (topography) and distribution of resources. It is also influenced by endogenous factors (intrinsic biological forces) such as the ecological interactions of individuals. Here we consider various ecological models (both continuous and discrete) with self-diffusion (due to endogenous factors) and cross-diffusion (due to exogeneous factors). We observe a wide range of complex spatiotemporal patterns (like periodic, quasi periodic, chaotic) are observed with respect to the variation of diffusion coefficients and other local interacting parameters of the model.
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